WG 206 - Update the Final Report of the International Commission for the Study of Locks

Final stage

Objective of the International Commission

The main objective of the Commission is to update the 1986 Final Report of the International Commission for the Study of Locks.

Background

It has been over 30 years since this benchmark document was produced and much has evolved and an updated report, second version, is needed for the navigation community. The new lock design textbook (not for academic education but young professional in lock design) will be a valuable instrument to promote PIANC and the Inland Navigation industry. This publication will serve the navigation community for years and will solidly place PIANC as the preeminent inland water transport organization.

Final Product

The original document was an outstanding document, 445 pages, in its time however much of it is simply outdated and now is of limited value. Many of the designs presented simply are not used as more efficient, reliable, cost effective, and environmentally friendly solutions are favored. There are multiple areas to update.

As a second volume, it is envisioned the basic outline of the book will be retained, updated with new chapters or headings for subjects that were not common at the time for such items such as sustainability. Many countries now have mature water transport infrastructure and it is becoming clear the driving force for design are new efficient rehabilitation strategies when expanding or building a lock and maintain existing traffic in an overcrowded waterway. Other strategies such as in-the-wet construction can allow for much smaller footprint since a full scale cofferdam is not needed.

There have also been new exciting, innovative projects to highlight, such as, the Third Set of Locks for the Panama Canal, Three Gorges Locks, and the Falkirk Wheel. In addition there are many innovative navigation design improvements to discuss, such as, new lock filling and emptying systems, e-navigation, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and other advanced modeling has led to much better understanding of vessel behavior in the approach and during lockage, also a better grasp on mooring forces and salt water intrusion movements, asset management, life cycle cost, aids to navigation, gates, gate protection equipment, local coffer-boxes, innovative materials such as composites, hands free mooring, seismic effects, and security improvements (safety and anti-terrorism).

Many of these individual techniques and materials have been available for decades, but their broader acceptance has been limited. Their technologies and concepts have already been described in specific PIANC working groups, but it is necessary to refer in the updated textbook to allow for inexperienced engineers to have a global understanding of defining the design parameters for a new project, i.e., capacity, lift, layout, required studies, etc.

Matters to be Investigated

There have been numerous PIANC working groups, treatises, research and development reports and innovations to provide an abundant source of background material for the update. Many working group reports can be used or referenced, however most working group reports deal with specialized concerns while the textbook deals with more basic design concepts. No other organization has the network and organization infrastructure such as PIANC to compile a textbook of this scale and value.

Desirable Background or Experience of Working Group Members.

The background and experience may include the following:

a. Navigation design engineers and consultants

b. Academia/educators

c. Operators and managers of existing waterways

d. Representatives of regulatory bodies

e. Promoters of improvement or new navigation schemes

f. Manufacturers and fabricators

Relevance for Countries in Transition

The results will help designers and promoters of new or existing navigation projects throughout the world and provide guidance to develop and operate safe, sustainable, and economically viable waterways. This effort can be useful for all countries developing hydraulic structure infrastructure by providing a relevant comprehensive design experience for new or to extend the life of existing hydraulic structures.

Climate Change: Sustainability

The sustainability concept was incomplete when the original text was prepared in 1986 and is an opportunity to enhance this value in the navigation design process, including the impact of climate change of the design, operation and maintenance of navigation locks.

 

List of Members

USA

John Clarkson

James Costello

Travis Adams (alternate)

Eric Johnson (YP)

Belgium

David Monfort

Céline Savary (alternate)

Leslie Etneo (YP)

China

Wu Peng

France

Sébastien Roux

Vincent Coste (YP)

Germany

Hinnerk Sunderdiek

Carsten Thorenz (Alternate)

Fabian Belzner (YP)

Panama

Juan Wong

Ricardo Álvarez (YP)

The Netherlands

Erwin Pechtold

Otto Koedijk (RWS) (alternate)

Alexander de Loor (YP)

UK

Tim Bownes

Hans van Ooijen (alternate)

Greg Murray (YP)

 

Table of Contents

1 General Aspects

1.1 Scope

1.2 Introduction

1.3 History Of The Commission

1.4 The Report Supersedes And Replaces

1.5 The Terms Of Reference

1.6 The Objectives Of The Working Group

2 Planning - Functional Requirements

2 Constituent Elements Of Locks – Terminology

2.1 General

2.1 Choice Of Route

2.2 Number Of Locks

2.3 Expected Behavior Of River Hydraulics Related To Locks

2.4 Maximum Lift

2.5 Saving Water

2.6 Locks In Tidal Areas

2.7 Influence Of Channel Width And Alignment On Vessel Size

2.8 Load Cases

2.9 Depth On Sills

2.10 Capacity

2.11 Fish Passages

2.12 Alternatives To Locks

2.13 Standardization

2.14 Asset Management

2.15 Financing: Design-Build-Finance-Maintain

2.16 Design-Build, Bid-Build

2.17 Building Information Modeling (Bim)

2.18 E-Navigation

2.19 Remote Lock Operation

2.20 Sustainability

2.21 Summary

3 Lock Types And Characteristic Dimensions

3.1 Navigation Locks

3.2 Inland Navigation Locks

3.3 Interconnected Twin Locks

Update Earthquake Guidance/Recommendations

3.4 Guard Gate

3.5 Safety Gate

3.6 Maritime Locks

5 Locks Civil

5.1 Locks For Inland Navigation

5.2 Maritime Locks Greg

5.3 Ice Control At Locks Tim Paulus

5.4 Lock Structure Concepts And Construction Methods

5.5 Other Lock Design Concepts & Principles

5.6 Lock Structures (Concrete Part)

5.7 Foundations

5.8 Lock Approach Structures

5.9 2019 - Wg 206 New Topics

5.10 Inspection And Maintenance

5.11 Rehabilitation Tim

5.12 Construction Methods

5.13 Sustainability

6 Equipment For Lock Walls And Approaches

6.1 General Fabrice

6.2 Equipment Protecting Structural And Operating Facilities

6.3 Edge Protection

6.4 Wall Armouring And Fenders

6.5 Protection Of Gates Against Vessel Impacts

6.6 Fire Protection

6.7 Frost Protection

6.8 Equipment To Facilitate Lock Operations

6.9 Floating Bollards (Floating Mooring Bitts)

6.10 Bollards

6.11 Hands Free Mooring

6.12 Ladders

6.13 Tow Haulage Units And Traveling

6.14 Tug Assisted Locking

6.15 Marking The Usable Length

6.16 Illumination Of Lock Basin And Entry Areas

6.17 Signals

6.18 Television Equipment

6.19 Audible Devices

7 Gates, Valves And Dewatering Devices

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Types And Characteristics

8 Dewatering Devices

8.1 Maintenance And Emergency Gates

8.2 Maintenance Devices

9 Hydraulics

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Design Criteria

9.3 Approaches Conditions

9.4 Filling And Emptying System

9.5 Water Saving Systems

9.6 Locks Between Salt And Fresh Water

9.7 Other Uses For Lock

9.8 Hydraulics Design Tools

9.9 Commisionning

10 Water Saving Systems

10.1 Principles Of Water Saving

10.2 Locks With Water Saving Basins

11 Inspection & Maintenance  

11.1 General Information On Ice Problems And Control Measures

11.2 Ice Control Developments In Different Countries

11.3 Force Exerted By Ice

12 Adaptation Of Locks To Fluctuations Of Levels In Reaches

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Locks In Still Water Canals

12.3 Locks On Shipping And Hydro-Electric Waterways

12.4 Locks At River Dams

13 Salt Water Penetration Control Devices

13.1 General

13.2 Air Bubble Screen System

13.5 System Of Direct Evacuation Of Salt Water Intrusion

13.6 System Of Complete Lock Chamber Exchange With The Chamber Sealed Off

13.7 Dunkirk Lock

13.8 The Kreekrak Locks

14 Rehabilitation (

14.1 Rehabilitation Strategies In Overcrowded Waterway

15 Construction

15.1 Construction Methods

15.2 Construction Near Existing Operating Locks/Structures

15.3 In-The-Wet Construction

15.4 Local Coffer-Boxes

15.5 Commissioning

15.6 Lessons Learned From Recent Projects    

16 References